Thursday, July 9, 2009

The story-telling frame

Here's a first query on the frame. Where does the story-telling connector וַיְהִי occur in Job? Only here.

ג וַיְהִי מִקְנֵהוּ
שִׁבְעַת אַלְפֵי צֹאן
וּשְׁלֹשֶׁת אַלְפֵי גְמַלִּים
וַחֲמֵשׁ מֵאוֹת צֶמֶד בָּקָר
וַחֲמֵשׁ מֵאוֹת אֲתוֹנוֹת
וַעֲבֻדָּה רַבָּה מְאֹד
וַיְהִי הָאִישׁ הַהוּא
גָּדוֹל מִכָּל בְּנֵי קֶדֶם
1.03 and these were his acquisitions
seven thousand sheep and three thousand camels
and five hundred pair of oxen
and five hundred she-donkeys
and servants - a very great service
and so it was the man, this very one
who was great among all the children of antiquity
ה וַיְהִי כִּי הִקִּיפוּ יְמֵי הַמִּשְׁתֶּה
וַיִּשְׁלַח אִיּוֹב וַיְקַדְּשֵׁם
וְהִשְׁכִּים בַּבֹּקֶר וְהֶעֱלָה עֹלוֹת מִסְפַּר כֻּלָּם
כִּי אָמַר אִיּוֹב
אוּלַי חָטְאוּ בָנַי וּבֵרְכוּ אֱלֹהִים בִּלְבָבָם כָּכָה יַעֲשֶׂה אִיּוֹב כָּל הַיָּמִים
1.05 And after the striking off of party days,
Job would send and sanctify them
rising early in the morning to offer burnt offerings for each of them
for Job said
Perhaps my sons have sinned and blessed God in their hearts
Thus did Job all his days
ו וַיְהִי הַיּוֹם וַיָּבֹאוּ בְּנֵי הָאֱלֹהִים
לְהִתְיַצֵּב עַל יְהוָה
וַיָּבוֹא גַם הַשָּׂטָן בְּתוֹכָם
1.06 And there was the day when the children of God
came and presented themselves before יְהוָה
and among them the accuser also came
יג וַיְהִי הַיּוֹם
וּבָנָיו וּבְנֹתָיו אֹכְלִים וְשֹׁתִים יַיִן
בְּבֵית אֲחִיהֶם הַבְּכוֹר
1.13 And it happened the day
his sons and daughters were eating and drinking wine
in the house of their firstborn brother
א וַיְהִי הַיּוֹם וַיָּבֹאוּ בְּנֵי הָאֱלֹהִים
לְהִתְיַצֵּב עַל יְהוָה
וַיָּבוֹא גַם הַשָּׂטָן בְּתֹכָם
לְהִתְיַצֵּב עַל יְהוָה
2.01 And there was the day when the children of God
came and presented themselves before יְהוָה
and among them the accuser also came
to present himself before יְהוָה
לא וַיְהִי לְאֵבֶל כִּנֹּרִי
וְעֻגָבִי לְקוֹל בֹּכִים
30.31 and my harp is become 'of lament'
and my pipes 'of the voice of those who weep'
ז וַיְהִי אַחַר דִּבֶּר יְהוָה אֶת הַדְּבָרִים הָאֵלֶּה אֶל אִיּוֹב וַיֹּאמֶר יְהוָה אֶל אֱלִיפַז הַתֵּימָנִי חָרָה אַפִּי בְךָ וּבִשְׁנֵי רֵעֶיךָ כִּי לֹא דִבַּרְתֶּם אֵלַי נְכוֹנָה כְּעַבְדִּי אִיּוֹב 42.07 And it happened after יְהוָה had spoken the words - these ones - to Job that יְהוָה said to Eliphaz the Temanite: my wrath burns in you and your two friends - for you have not spoken of me what is prepared as has my servant Job.
יב וַיהוָה בֵּרַךְ אֶת אַחֲרִית אִיּוֹב מֵרֵאשִׁתוֹ וַיְהִי לוֹ אַרְבָּעָה עָשָׂר אֶלֶף צֹאן וְשֵׁשֶׁת אֲלָפִים גְּמַלִּים וְאֶלֶף צֶמֶד בָּקָר וְאֶלֶף אֲתוֹנוֹת 42.12 And יְהוָה blessed Job's end more than his beginning and it came to him fourteen thousand sheep and six thousand camels and a thousand pair of oxen
and a thousand she-donkeys.
יג וַיְהִי לוֹ שִׁבְעָנָה בָנִים וְשָׁלוֹשׁ בָּנוֹת 42.13 And there were to him seven sons and three daughters

Other forms of to be or become also occur here. In this case it is also a frame for chapter 30. I think these are most of the uses of the Hebrew be or become in Job. This is a good result for me, for it illustrates also how often English uses 'be' in a verb form where in Hebrew it is either omitted altogether or 'understood'. I have been looking for the parsing of 'to be' for some time - and here it is in part in its most common usage in poetry and in the narrative frame.
א אִישׁ הָיָה בְאֶרֶץ עוּץ
אִיּוֹב שְׁמוֹ
וְהָיָה הָאִישׁ הַהוּא
תָּם וְיָשָׁר
וִירֵא אֱלֹהִים וְסָר מֵרָע
1.01 A man there was in the land of Uz
Job his name
and he was, the man, this very one,
complete and upright
and he fears God and turns away from evil
כא וַיֹּאמֶר עָרֹם יָצָתִי מִבֶּטֶן אִמִּי
וְעָרֹם אָשׁוּב שָׁמָּה
יְהוָה נָתַן וַיהוָה לָקָח
יְהִי שֵׁם יְהוָה מְבֹרָךְ
1.21and said Naked I came from the belly of my mother
and naked I will return there
יְהוָה gave and יְהוָה has taken away
let the name of יְהוָה be blessed
ד הַיּוֹם הַהוּא יְהִי-חֹשֶׁךְ
אַל-יִדְרְשֵׁהוּ אֱלוֹהַּ מִמַּעַל
וְאַל-תּוֹפַע עָלָיו נְהָרָה
3.04
That day - let it be darkness
let God not seek for it from above
nor let a sunbeam on it shine
ז הִנֵּה הַלַּיְלָה הַהוּא
יְהִי גַלְמוּד
אַל-תָּבוֹא רְנָנָה בוֹ
3.07
behold that night
let it be barren
let no joyful cry come into it
ז וְהָיָה רֵאשִׁיתְךָ מִצְעָר
וְאַחֲרִיתְךָ יִשְׂגֶּה מְאֹד
8.07 and as your beginning was small
so your end will increase greatly
יז וּמִצָּהֳרַיִם יָקוּם חָלֶד
תָּעֻפָה כַּבֹּקֶר
תִּהְיֶה
11.17 and at noon transience will rise and fly away
as morning you will become
ח וַתִּקְמְטֵנִי לְעֵד הָיָה
וַיָּקָם בִּי כַחֲשִׁי בְּפָנַי יַעֲנֶה
16.08 You have seized me - it becomes witness
rising in me is my lie - answering in my face
יח אֶרֶץ אַל-תְּכַסִּי דָמִי
וְאַל-
יְהִי מָקוֹם לְזַעֲקָתִי
16.18 Earth cover not my blood
and let there be no end of place for my outcry
ו וְהִצִּיגַנִי לִמְשֹׁל עַמִּים
וְתֹפֶת לְפָנִים
אֶהְיֶה
17.06 he has exhibited me as a parable of the peoples
and spittle in the face I am become
יב יְהִי-רָעֵב אֹנוֹ
וְאֵיד נָכוֹן לְצַלְעוֹ
18.12 famished is his vigor
a burden prepared for his rib
טו גָּרֵי בֵיתִי
וְאַמְהֹתַי לְזָר תַּחְשְׁבֻנִי
נָכְרִי
הָיִיתִי בְעֵינֵיהֶם
19.15 Those who abide in my house
and my maids count me as a stranger
an alien I have become in their eyes
כג יְהִי לְמַלֵּא בִטְנוֹ
יְשַׁלַּח-בּוֹ חֲרוֹן אַפּוֹ
וְיַמְטֵר עָלֵימוֹ בִּלְחוּמוֹ
20.23 he is to fill his belly
and he casts on him the heat of his anger
and he will rain on his picnic
ב שִׁמְעוּ שָׁמוֹעַ מִלָּתִי
וּ
תְהִי-זֹאת תַּנְחוּמֹתֵיכֶם
21.02 hear - hear my speech
and this will be your comfort
כה וְהָיָה שַׁדַּי בְּצָרֶיךָ
וְכֶסֶף תּוֹעָפוֹת לָךְ
22.25 And the Sufficient will become your treasure
and silver from great effort will be yours
יד לָאוֹר יָקוּם רוֹצֵחַ יִקְטָל-עָנִי וְאֶבְיוֹן
וּבַלַּיְלָה
יְהִי כַגַּנָּב
24.14 with the light rises a slayer of needy and poor
and in the night there is a thief
ז יְהִי כְרָשָׁע אֹיְבִי
וּמִתְקוֹמְמִי כְעַוָּל
27.07 let it be that my enemy is as the wicked
and one rising against me as unjust
ט וְעַתָּה נְגִינָתָם הָיִיתִי
וָאֱהִי לָהֶם לְמִלָּה
30.09and now their song I have become
and I am to them a speech
כט אָח הָיִיתִי לְתַנִּים
וְרֵעַ לִבְנוֹת יַעֲנָה
30.29 brother I have become to a sea-monster
and friend to the daughters of an ostrich
לא וַיְהִי לְאֵבֶל כִּנֹּרִי
וְעֻגָבִי לְקוֹל בֹּכִים
30.31 and my harp is become 'of lament'
and my pipes 'of the voice of those who weep'

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